《植物生理学报》 2017, 53(6): 1030-1038

LED补光光质对小白菜生长及光合作用的影响

周成波¹, 张旭¹, 崔青青¹, 李曼¹, 张文东¹, 艾希珍^1,2, 毕焕改^1,2, 刘彬彬^2,*, 李清明^1,2,3,*

山东农业大学¹园艺科学与工程学院, ²作物生物学国家重点实验室, ³农业部黄淮海设施农业工程科学观测实验站, 山东泰安271018

通信作者：刘彬彬；E-mail: lbroom@163.com; gslqm@sdau.edu.cn

摘　要：

为了探明补光光质对小白菜生长的调控机理, 以‘优冠3号’小白菜为试材, 采用LED光源配置白光(W, 对照)、白光:红光=4:1 (WR)、白光:蓝光=4:1 (WB)、白光:蓝光:红光=3:1:1 (WRB)和白光:绿光=4:1 (WG) 5个光配方, 光照强度均调节为(250±10) μmol·m^-2·s^-1, 研究了在白光基础上补充不同波长和比例的光对小白菜生长及光合作用的影响。结果表明: WRB和WR处理下小白菜株高分别比对照提高17.9%和7.5%, 差异达显著水平; WRB处理下的叶片叶绿素a、叶绿素b、叶绿素(a+b)和类胡萝卜素含量最高, 而对照处理下最低; WRB处理下叶片净光合速率(P_n)和RuBP羧化酶活性最高, WR、WB和WRB处理的气孔导度(G_s)分别较对照提高9.7%、47.4%和31.6%, 而WG较对照降低27.8%; WRB处理使小白菜叶片有较高的PSII反应中心激发能捕获效率(F_v'/F_m')、实际光化学效率(Φ_PSII)、光化学猝灭系数(q_P)、电子传递速率(ETR)和植物活力(Rfd)。综上所述, 在白光的基础上同时补充红、蓝光可增强小白菜叶片光系统II中心活性, 提高光合性能, 有利于小白菜干物质的积累和对光能的利用, 可作为小白菜补光栽培的适宜光配方。

关键词：发光二极管; 小白菜; 补光光质; 光合特性; 叶绿素荧光

收稿：2016-11-21   修定：2017-04-05

资助：公益性行业(农业)专项(201303108)、“十二五”科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD11B01、2014BAD05B03)、国家现代农业产业技术体系大宗蔬菜专项(CARS-25)和山东省农业重大应用技术创新项目(鲁财农指[2016]36号)。

Effects of supplementary light quality on growth and photosynthesis of pakchoi (Brassica campestris)

ZHOU Cheng-Bo¹, ZHANG Xu¹, CUI Qing-Qing¹, LI Man¹, ZHANG Wen-Dong¹, AI Xi-Zhen^1,2, BI Huan-Gai^1,2, LIU Bin-Bin^2,*, LI Qing-Ming^1,2,3,*

¹College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, ²State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, ³Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Environment Controlled Agricultural Engineering in Huang-Huai-Hai Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Shandong Universtiy, Tai’an, Shandong 271018, China

Corresponding author: LIU Bin-Bin; E-mail: lbroom@163.com; gslqm@sdau.edu.cn

Abstract:

In order to investigate the effect of supplementary light quality on regulation mechanism of pakchoi, the cultivar ‘Youguan 3’ was used as experimental material, the effects of different supplementary light quality and ratio on growth and photosynthesis were studied. We designed five different combinations of light quality (light recipe) using light-emitting diode (LED) as light source: white (W, control), white/blue ratio=4:1 (WB), white/red ratio=4:1 (WR), white/red/blue ratio=3:1:1 (WRB), white/green ratio=4:1 (WG), the total photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) was the same in each light treatment (about 250 μmol·m^-2·s^-1). The results showed that plant height increased significantly by 17.9% and 7.5% under WRB and WR respectively; the contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and carotenoid were highest under WRB treatment, while were lowest under W treatment. The net photosynthetic rate (P_n) and RuBP carboxylase activity were highest under WRB treatment. The WR, WB and WRB increased stomatal conductance (G_s) by 9.7%, 47.4% and 31.6% respectively, and WG reduced G_s by 27.8%, compared to W. WRB treatment increased F_v'/F_m', Φ_PSII, q_P, ETR and Rfd of pakchoi leaves. In conclusion, supplement red and blue light simultaneously to white light could enhance the activity of PSII reaction center, improve the photosynthetic performance, and increase dry matter accumulation and light energy use efficiency. Therefore, red and blue light can be used simultaneouslyas supplementary light for pakchoi cultivation to improve photosynthetic performance and yield, and white plus/red/blue ratio=3:1:1 (WRB) was suitable light recipe.

Key words: light-emitting diode (LED); pakchoi (Brassica campestris); supplementary light quality; photosynthetic characteristics; chlorophyll fluorescence